On the Theory of Comparison
One would rather think that comparison is not only the eponym (name giver), but also the foundational task of comparative literature, whose multilateral corpus would be structured, above all, by means of classification and ordering. It is a sign of the comparatists’ specific and fundamental world access and thus gives them an indispensable tool for producing myriads of publications, not only in the ‘classical’ frames of research like the study of influences and mentalities, but also on context analogies, ahistorical structuralist or literary reception comparisons, or even academically motivated literary criticism. But comparison – which quite a number of scholars regard as an approach devoid of any methodology – has not yet been systematically recorded. Its spectrum of theoretical frameworks has been problematized in many cases; at the same time a clear categorization or classification is seldom found – with the exception of Ďurišin’s ‘classical’ dichotomy. Heidmann’s recent work on differentiation comparison‚ ‘une comparaison différentielle’, delivers a specific theory on comparing different texts and corpora. In contrast to the majority of comparatist theorizations, her considerations are accompanied by an actual practical implementation of the theory and thereby prove to be the most productive. Literary praxis, however, consists of a wide range of varying motivated comparisons. The planned dissertation is based on this disparate, paradoxical state: it shall deliver a theory of comparison as a hermeneutic operation of literary studies.