Dr. Knut Metzler

Dr. Knut Metzler

Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, room 84
48149 Münster

T: +49 251 83-39113

  • Research Foci

    Formation of solids in the early solar system

    The collapse of a part of an interstellar molecular cloud marks the beginning of our solar system. The size of the dust grains contained in this gas cloud was on the order of nanometers to micrometers. From the collapsing cloud a protoplanetary accretion disk formed around a central protostar, our early sun. Later on, the planets and asteroids formed within this disk from parts of the gas; and dust mixture. The process of the transition from micrometer-sized grains to millimeter; to meter-sized bodies is not well understood yet. Fortunately, a large variety of these early solids can be found in the asteroidal rocks, which fall to us on Earth as chondritic meteorites and are available for scientific study in order to clarify this question.

    Accretionary structures in primitive meteorites

    Extraterrestrial breccias

    Nuclear tracks by cosmic radiation in meteoritic minerals

  • CV

    Academic Education

    PhD in Planetology, Institut für Planetologie, WWU Münster "Petrographic and michochemical investigations on the history of accretion and evolution of chondritic parent bodies using the example of CM chondrites".
    Diploma in Mineralogy, Institut für Mineralogie, WWU Münster "Texture and composition of lithic clasts in polymict achondritic breccias"
    PhD study, Institut für Planetologie, WWU Münster
    Intermediate diploma in Mineralogy, Institut für Mineralogie, WWU Münster
    Study of Mineralogy, Institut für Mineralogie, WWU Münster

    Positions

    Research scientist, Institut für Planetologie, WWU Münster
    Branch manager (private companies in the field of waste management and environmental remediation), Hamm, Münster
    Chief curator for the rock, mineral, and meteorite collections at the Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität Berlin
    Research Scientist, Institut für Planetologie, WWU Münster
    Research Scientist (part time work), Institut für Planetologie, WWU Münster

    External Functions

    Worldwide coordinator of the Meteoritical Society for dense meteorite collection areas (DCAs)
    Member of the Nomenclature Committee of the Meteoritical Society
    Member of the Meteoritical Society

  • Projects

    • True (3D) chondrule size distributions: Basic data for the reconstruction of chondrule formation and asteroid accretion ( – )
      Individual Granted Project: DFG - Individual Grants Programme | Project Number: ME 1115/10-1
    • SPP 1385 - Subproject: High-temperature chondrule accretion in primitive chondrites and its relevance for theories of chondrule formation and planetary accretion (3rd funding period) ( – )
      Subproject in DFG-Joint Project Hosted outside the University of Münster: DFG - Priority Programme | Project Number: ME 1115/8-3
    • SPP 1385 - Subproject: High-temperature condrule accretion in primitive chondrites and its relevance for theories of chondrule formation and planetary accretion (2nd funding period) ( – )
      Subproject in DFG-Joint Project Hosted outside the University of Münster: DFG - Priority Programme | Project Number: ME 1115/8-2
    • SPP 1385 - WP: High-temperature chondrule accretion in primitive chondrites and its relevance for theories of chondrule formation and planetary accretion (1st funding period) ( – )
      Subproject in DFG-Joint Project Hosted outside the University of Münster: DFG - Priority Programme | Project Number: ME 1115/8-1

  • Publications

    • Metzler K, Hezel D C, Barosch J, Wölfer E, Schneider J M, Hellmann J L, Berndt J, Stracke A, Gattacceca J, Greenwood R C, Franchi I A, Burkhardt C, Kleine T. . ‘The Loongana (CL) group of carbonaceous chondrites.’ Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 304: 1–31. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.04.007.

    • Hellmann J L, Kruijer T S, Metzler K, Patzek M, Pack A, Berndt J, Kleine T. . ‘Hf-W chronology of a macrochondrule from the L5/6 chondrite Northwest Africa 8192.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 55, № 10: 2241–2255. doi: 10.1111/maps.13571.

    • Heck P R, Herd C, Grossman J N, Badjukov D, Bouvier A, Bullock E, Chennaoui‐Aoudjehane H, Debaille V, Dunn T L, Ebel D S, Ferrière L, Garvie L, Gattacceca J, Gounelle M, Herd R, Ireland T, Jacquet E, Macke R J, McCoy T, McCubbin F M, Mikouchi T, Metzler K, Roskosz M, Smith C, Wadhwa M, Welzenbach‐Fries L., Yada T, Yamaguchi A, Zeigler R A, Zolensky M. . ‘Best practices for the use of meteorite names in publications.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 54, № 7: 1397–1400. doi: 10.1111/maps.13291.
    • Leitner J, Metzler K., Vollmer C, Floss C, Haenecour P, Kodolanyi J, Harries D, Hoppe P. . ‘The presolar grain inventory of fine-grained chondrule rims in the Mighei-type (CM) chondrites.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 54. doi: 10.1111/maps.13412.
    • Metzler K, Hezel D C, Nellesen J. . ‘Various size-sorting processes for millimeter-sized particles in the Sun´s protoplanetary disk? Evidence from chondrules in ordinary chondrites.’ The Astrophysical Journal 887, № 2. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab58d0.
    • Stöffler, D, Hamann C, Metzler K. . ‘Addendum to “Stöffler, D., Hamann, C., and Metzler, K., Shock metamorphism of planetary silicate rocks and sediments: Proposal for an updated classification system. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 53, 5–49, 2018”.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 54, № 4: 946–949. doi: 10.1111/maps.13246.
    • Gattacceca J, Bouvier A, Grossman, J, Metzler, K, Uehara, M. . ‘The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 106.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 54, № 2: 469–471. doi: 10.1111/maps.13215.
    • Hellmann J L, Kruijer T S, Van Orman J A, Metzler K, Kleine T. . ‘Hf-W chronology of ordinary chondrites.’ Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 258: 290–309. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.05.040.

    • Metzler K. . ‘From 2D to 3D chondrule size data: Some empirical ground truths.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 53, № 7: 1489–1499. doi: 10.1111/maps.13091.
    • Stöffler D., Hamann C., and Metzler K. . ‘Shock metamorphism of planetary silicate rocks and sediments: Proposal for an updated classification system.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 53: 5–49. doi: 10.1111/maps.12912.
    • Friend P, Hezel D C, Barrat J-A, Zipfel J, Palme H, Metzler K. . ‘Composition, petrology, and chondrule‐matrix complementarity of the recently discovered Jbilet Winselwan CM2 chondrite.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 53, № 12: 2470–2491. doi: 10.1111/maps.13139.

    • Gerber S., Burkhardt C., Budde G., Metzler K., Kleine T. . ‘Mixing and Transport of Dust in the Early Solar Nebula as Inferred from Titanium Isotope Variations among Chondrules.’ Astrophysical Journal Letters 841, № 1. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa72a2.
    • Bischoff A., Wurm G., Chaussidon M., Horstmann M., Metzler K., Weyrauch M., Weinauer J. . ‘The Allende multicompound chondrule (ACC)-Chondrule formation in a local super-dense region of the early solar system.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 52, № null: 906–924. doi: 10.1111/maps.12833.
    • Riebe M. E. I., Huber L., Metzler K., Busemann H., Luginbuehl S. M., Meier M. M. M., Maden C., and Wieler R. . ‘Cosmogenic He and Ne in chondrules from clastic matrix and a lithic clast of Murchison: No pre-irradiation by the early sun.’ Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 213: 618–634. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2017.06.035.
    • Roth A. S. G., Metzler K., Baumgartner L. P., Hofmann B. A., and Leya I. . ‘Protracted storage of CR chondrules in a region of the disk transparent to galactic cosmic rays.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 52: 2166–2177. doi: 10.1111/maps.12923.
    • Roth A. S. G., Trappitsch R., Metzler K., Hofmann B. A., and Leya I. . ‘Neon produced by solar cosmic rays in ordinary chondrites.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Science 52: 1155–1172. doi: 10.1111/maps.12868.

    • Budde G., Kleine T., Kruijer T.S., Burkhardt C., Metzler K. . ‘Tungsten isotopic constraints on the age and origin of chondrules.’ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113: 2886–2891. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1524980113.
    • Roth A. S. G., Metzler K., Baumgartner L. P., Leya I. . ‘Cosmic-ray exposure ages of chondrules.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Sciences 51: 1256–1267. doi: 10.1111/maps.12658.
    • Metzler K., Pack A. . ‘Chemistry and oxygen isotopic composition of cluster chondrite clasts and their components in LL3 chondrites.’ Meteoritics & Planetary Sciences 51, № 2: 276–302. doi: 10.1111/maps.12592.

    • Metzler K. . ‘Ultrarapid chondrite formation by hot chondrule accretion? Evidence from unequilibrated ordinary chondrites.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 47, № 12: 2193–2217. doi: 10.1111/maps.12009.

    • Roszjar J, Metzler K, Bischoff A, Barrat JA, Geisler T, Greenwood RC, Franchi IA, Klemme S. . ‘Thermal history of Northwest Africa 5073-A coarse-grained Stannern-trend eucrite containing cm-sized pyroxenes and large zircon grains.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 46, № 11: 1754–1773. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01265.x.
    • Welten K, Caffee MW, Franke L, Jull AJT, LeClerc MD, Metzler K, Ott U. . ‘The L3-6 chondritic regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 869: (II) Noble gases and cosmogenic radionuclides.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 46, № 7: 970–988. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01204.x.
    • Metzler K, Bischoff A, Greenwood RC, Palme H, Gellissen M, Hopp J, Franchi IA, Trieloff M. . ‘The L3-6 chondritic regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 869: (I) Petrology, chemistry, oxygen isotopes, and Ar-Ar age determinations.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 46, № 5: 652–680. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01181.x.

    • Bischoff A, Scott E R D, Metzler K, Goodrich C A. . ‘Nature and Origins of meteoritic breccias.’ In Meteorites and the Early Solar System II, edited by Lauretta D S, McSween H Y Jr, 679–712. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

    • Metzler K. . ‘Formation of accretionary dust mantles in the solar nebula: Evidence from preirradiated olivines in CM chondrites.’ Meteoritics and Planetary Science 39, № 8: 1307–1319. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2004.tb00948.x.

    • Blum J, Wurm G, Kempf S, Poppe T, Klahr H, Kozasa T, Rott M, Henning T, Dorschner J, Schräpler R, Keller H U, Markiewicz W J, Mann I, Gustafson B A S, Giovane F, Neuhaus D, Fechtig H, Grün E, Feuerbacher B, Kochan H, Ratke L, El Goresy A, Morfill G, Weidenschilling S J, Schwehm G, Metzler K, Ip W-H. . ‘Growth and form of planetary seedlings: Results from a microgravity aggregation experiment.’ Physical Review Letters 85, № 12: 2426–2429.

    • Nakamura T, Nagao K, Metzler K, Takaoka N. . ‘Heterogeneous distribution of solar and cosmogenic noble gases in CM chondrites and implications for the formation of CM parent bodies.’ Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 63, № 2: 257–273. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00278-6.

    • Metzler K. . „Cosmic Vagabonds as Stony Witnesses - How did our Solar System form?“ German Research - Reports of the DFG 1/97: 27–29.

    Research Article (Book Contributions)
    • Metzler K, Bischoff A. . ‘Constraints on chondrite agglomeration from fine-grained chondrule rims.’ In Chondrules and the Protoplanetary Disk, edited by Hewins R H, Jones R H, Scott E R D, 153–161. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Non-Scientific Contributions (Journals)
    • Metzler K. . „Kosmische Vagabunden als steinerne Zeugen - Wie entstand unser Sonnensystem?“ Forschung - Mitteilungen der DFG 3/96: 19–21.

    • METZLER K, BOBE KD, PALME H, SPETTEL B, STOFFLER D. . ‘THERMAL AND IMPACT METAMORPHISM ON THE HED PARENT ASTEROID.’ Planetary and Space Science 43, № 3-4: 499–525. doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(94)00219-H.
    • KUNZ J, TRIELOFF M, BOBE KD, METZLER K, STOFFLER D, JESSBERGER EK. . ‘THE COLLISIONAL HISTORY OF THE HED PARENT BODY INFERRED FROM AR-40-AR-39 AGES OF EUCRITES.’ Planetary and Space Science 43, № 3-4: 527–543. doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(94)00137-G.

    • METZLER K, BISCHOFF A, STOFFLER D. . ‘ACCRETIONARY DUST MANTLES IN CM CHONDRITES - EVIDENCE FOR SOLAR NEBULA PROCESSES.’ Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56, № 7: 2873–2897. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90365-P.

  • Three-dimensional texture of cluster chondrites

    The majority of meteorites, the so-called chondrites, predominantly consist of millimeter-sized beads (chondrules) which represent solidified droplets of silicate magma. The formation of these chondrules is highly debated and the time interval between chondrule formation and accretion of the first chondritic rocks is poorly constrained. The investigation of specific textural units in ordinary chondrites shall help to better understand the chondrule forming process and to narrow this time interval. These textural units are characterized by clustering of deformed chondrules (termed „cluster chondrites“ by me)  and can be interpreted in a way that hot and deformable chondrules accreted to form a solid rock only hours to a few days after chondrule formation. This is in strong contrast to the current view, that chondrules were already cold and solidified at the time of parent body accretion.

    The three-dimensional texture of cluster chondrite fragments was documented by different methods in the shape of image sequences.

    µ-CT of a cluster chondrite

    Micro-3D-Xray-computed tomography of a cluster chondrite clast in the chondritic meteorite NWA 5205. The width of field is 2 cm.

    These results were provided by Dr. Dominik Hezel, Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln.

    µ-CT of a cluster chondrite
    © Dr. Dominik Hezel

  • Micro-grinding technique

    In order to visualize the three-dimensional texture a square column of a cluster chondrite clast from NWA 5205 was successively grinded in 120 steps of 80 µm each (see figure) and documented in the shape of an image sequence (see movie). This work was performed in cooperation with Mrs. Ursula Heitmann, preparator at the Institut für Planetologie, Münster.

    Figure:

     

    © Dr. Knut Metzler